I am Mohamed Ali Lagouader, a Moroccan writer.
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TO BE
I am with my sister.
أَنا مَعَ أُخْتي.
Ana ma'a ukhtī.
You are with your brother.
أَنْتَ مَعَ أَخيكَ.
Anta ma'a akhīka.
He is with his father.
هُوَ مَعَ أَبيهِ.
Huwa ma'a abīhi.
She is with her mother.
هِيَ مَعَ أُمِّها.
Hiya ma'a ummihā.
We are at home.
نَحْنُ في البَيْتِ.
Naḥnu fī al-bayti.
You are in your car.
أَنْتُمْ في سَيَّارَتِكُمْ.
Antum fī sayyāratikum.
They are in their room.
هُمْ في غُرْفَتِهِمْ.
Hum fī ghurfatihim.
They (f) are in their room.
هُنَّ في غُرْفَتِهِنَّ.
Hunna fī ghurfātihinna.
Glossary:
a sister: أُخْتٌ - Ukhtun.
a brother: أَخٌ - Akhun.
a father: أَبٌ - Abun.
a mother: أُمٌّ - Ummun.
a house: بَيْتٌ - Baytun.
a car: سَيَّارَةٌ - Sayyāratun.
a room: غُرْفَةٌ - Ghurfah.
with: مَعَ - Ma'a.
in: في - Fī.
Dialogue 3
A: Are you with your brother?
هَلْ أَنْتَ مَعَ أَخِيكَ؟
Hal anta ma'a akhīka?
B: No, I am not with my brother. I am with my sister.
لا، لَسْتُ مَعَ أَخِي. أَنَا مَعَ أُخْتِي.
Lā, lastu ma'a akhī. Anā ma'a ukhtī.
A: Is he with his mother?
هَلْ هُوَ مَعَ أُمِّهِ؟
Hal huwa ma'a ummihi?
B: No, he is not with his mother. He is with his father.
لا، لَيْسَ مَعَ أُمِّهِ. هُوَ مَعَ أَبِيهِ.
Lā, laysa ma'a ummihi. Huwa ma'a abīhi.
A: Are you at home?
هَلْ أَنْتَ في البَيْتِ؟
Hal anta fī al-bayti?
B: Yes, I am at home.
نَعَم، أَنَا في البَيْتِ.
Naʿam, anā fī al-bayti.
A: Are you (pl.) at home?
هَلْ أَنْتُمْ في البَيْتِ؟
Hal antum fī al-bayti?
B: Yes, we are at home.
نَعَم، نَحْنُ في البَيْتِ.
Naʿam, naḥnu fī al-bayti.
A: Where are you (pl.)?
أَيْنَ أَنْتُمْ؟
Ayna antum?
B: We are at home.
نَحْنُ في البَيْتِ.
Naḥnu fī al-bayti.
Dialogue 4 : WHERE
A: Where is my son?
أَيْنَ ابْنِي؟
Ayna ibnī?
B: Your son is at school.
ابْنُكَ في المَدْرَسَةِ.
Ibnuka fī al-madrasati.
A: Where is your daughter?
أَيْنَ ابْنَتُكَ؟
Ayna ibnatuka?
B: My daughter is at the public bath.
ابْنَتِي في الحَمَّامِ.
Ibnatī fī al-ḥammāmi.
A: Where is your father?
أَيْنَ أَبُوكَ؟
Ayna abūka?
B: My father is at work.
أَبِي في العَمَلِ.
Abī fī al-ʿamali.
A: Where is your car?
أَيْنَ سَيَّارَتُكَ؟
Ayna sayyāratuka?
B: I don't have a car.
ليسَ لِي سَيَّارَةٌ.
Laysa lī sayyāratun.
A: Where are your children?
أَيْنَ أَوْلادُكَ؟
Ayna awlāduka?
B: I don't have children.
ليسَ لِي أَوْلادٌ.
Laysa lī awlādun.
A: Where is my husband?
أَيْنَ زَوْجِي؟
Ayna zawjī?
B: He is in the bathroom/toilet.
هُوَ في الحَمَّامِ.
Huwa fī al-ḥammāmi.
A: Where is my mother?
أَيْنَ أُمِّي؟
Ayna ummī?
B: She is in the process of cooking (preparing the food).
هِيَ تُعِدُّ الطَّعامَ.
Hiya tuʿiddu al-ṭaʿāma.
A: Where is my bag?
أَيْنَ حَقِيبَتِي؟
Ayna ḥaqībatī?
B: It is on the television.
هِيَ عَلَى التِّلْفازِ.
Hiya ʿalā at-tilfāzi.
A: Where is my wallet?
أَيْنَ مَحْفَظَتِي؟
Ayna maḥfaẓatī?
B: It is in your pocket.
هِيَ في جَيْبِكَ.
Hiya fī jaybika.
Dialogue 5
A: Where is Ahmed?
أَيْنَ أَحْمَدُ؟
Ayna Aḥmadu?
B: I don't know.
لا أَعْرِفُ.
Lā aʿrifu.
A: Where is Aïsha?
أَيْنَ عائِشَةُ؟
Ayna ʿĀ'ishatu?
B: I don't know where she is.
لا أَعْرِفُ أَيْنَ هِيَ.
Lā aʿrifu ayna hiya.
A: Where are the children?
أَيْنَ الأَوْلادُ؟
Ayna al-awlādu?
B: I don't know where they are.
لا أَعْرِفُ أَيْنَ هُمْ.
Lā aʿrifu ayna hum.
A: Where are you going?
إلى أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ؟
Ilā ayna tadhhabu?
B: I am going to school.
أَذْهَبُ إلى المَدْرَسَةِ.
Adhhabu ilā al-madrasati.
A: Where is he going?
إلى أَيْنَ يَذْهَبُ؟
Ilā ayna yadhhabu?
B: He is going to the mosque.
يَذْهَبُ إلى المَسْجِدِ.
Yadhhabu ilā al-masjidi.
A: Where is she going?
إلى أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ؟
Ilā ayna tadhhabu?
B: She is going to the market.
تَذْهَبُ إلى السُّوقِ.
Tadhhabu ilā as-sūqi.
A: Where are they going?
إلى أَيْنَ يَذْهَبُونَ؟
Ilā ayna yadhhabūna?
B: They are going to the cinema.
يَذْهَبُونَ إلى السِّينِما.
Yadhhabūna ilā as-sīnimā.
A: Where are we going?
إلى أَيْنَ نَذْهَبُ؟
Ilā ayna nadhhabu?
B: We are going to the beach.
نَذْهَبُ إلى الشَّاطِئِ.
Nadhhabu ilā ash-shāṭi'i.
A: Where is your mother going?
إلى أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ أُمُّكَ؟
Ilā ayna tadhhabu ummuka?
B: She is going to the grocer's (the shopkeeper's).
تَذْهَبُ إلى عِنْدَ البَقَّالِ.
Tadhhabu ilā ʿinda al-baqqāli.
Glossary:
a son: ابْنٌ - Ibnun.
a daughter: ابْنَةٌ - Ibna.
a school: مَدْرَسَةٌ - Madrasah.
a public bath: حَمَّامٌ - Ḥammām.
a work (job): عَمَلٌ - ʿAmal.
a child: طِفْلٌ / وَلَدٌ - Ṭiflun / Walad.
children: أَوْلادٌ / أَطْفالٌ - Awlād / Aṭfāl.
the toilet: حَمَّامٌ - Ḥammām.
a husband: زَوْجٌ - Zawj.
a kitchen: مَطْبَخٌ / طَبْخٌ - Maṭbakh / Ṭabkh.
in the process of: (Expressed by the present tense verb) يُصاغ بالفعل المضارع.
a bag: حَقِيبَةٌ - Ḥaqībah.
a television: تِلْفازٌ - Tilfāz.
a wallet: مَحْفَظَةٌ - Maḥfaẓah.
a mosque: مَسْجِدٌ - Masjid.
a market: سُوقٌ - Sūq.
a cinema: سِينِما - Sīnimā.
a beach: شاطِئٌ - Shāṭi'.
at/to the house of: عِنْدَ - ʿInda.
a grocer/shopkeeper: بَقَّالٌ - Baqqāl.
HOW
Dialogue 7
A: How are you? (informal/formal)
كَيْفَ حالُكَ؟ / كَيْفَ حَالُكُمْ؟
Kayfa ḥāluka? / Kayfa ḥālukum?
B: I am well. Thank you. And you?
أَنَا بِخَيْرٍ، شُكْراً. وَأَنْتَ؟ / وَأَنْتُمْ؟
Anā bikhayrin, shukran. Wa-anta? / Wa-antum?
A: How is your fiancé?
كَيْفَ حالُ خَطِيبِكَ؟
Kayfa ḥālu khaṭībika?
B: He is well. Thank you.
هُوَ بِخَيْرٍ، شُكْراً
Huwa bikhayrin, shukran.
A: How is your mother?
كَيْفَ حالُ أُمِّكَ؟
Kayfa ḥālu ummika?
B: She is sick.
هِيَ مَرِيضَةٌ
Hiya marīḍah.
A: How is your father?
كَيْفَ حالُ أَبِيكَ؟
Kayfa ḥālu abīka?
B: He is in good health.
هُوَ بِصِحَّةٍ جَيِّدَةٍ
Huwa biṣiḥḥatin jayyidah.
A: Your sisters, how are they?
أُخَواتُكَ، كَيْفَ حَالُهُنَّ؟
Ukhawātuka, kayfa ḥāluhunna?
B: They are well.
هُنَّ بِخَيْرٍ
Hunna bikhayrin.
A: And your brothers, how are they?
وَإِخْوَتُكَ، كَيْفَ حَالُهُمْ؟
Wa-ikhwatuka, kayfa ḥāluhum?
B: They are in good health.
هُمْ بِصِحَّةٍ جَيِّدَةٍ
Hum biṣiḥḥatin jayyidah.
A: How is Ahmed?
كَيْفَ حالُ أَحْمَدَ؟
Kayfa ḥālu Aḥmada?
B: I don't know.
لا أَعْلَمُ
Lā aʿlamu.
A: How is Samira?
كَيْفَ حالُ سَمِيرَةَ؟
Kayfa ḥālu Samīrata?
B: I don't know how she is.
لا أَعْلَمُ كَيْفَ حالُها
Lā aʿlamu kayfa ḥāluhā.
A: How are your cousins?
كَيْفَ أَقارِبُكَ؟ (أَوْ: كَيْفَ حالُ أَقارِبِكَ؟)
Kayfa aqāribuka? (Aw: Kayfa ḥālu aqāribika?)
B: I don't know how they are.
لا أَعْلَمُ كَيْفَ هُمْ
Lā aʿlamu kayfa hum.
Dialogue 8
A: How are your neighbors?
كَيْفَ جيرانُكَ؟
Kayfa jīrānuka?
B: I don't know how they are.
لا أَعْلَمُ كَيْفَ هُمْ
Lā aʿlamu kayfa hum.
Glossary (Dialogues 7 & 8):
* how: كَيْفَ - Kayfa.
* a fiancé: خَطِيبٌ - Khaṭīb.
* a fiancée: خَطِيبَةٌ - Khaṭībah.
* well: بِخَيْرٍ / جَيِّدٌ - Bikhayrin / Jayyid.
* sick: مَرِيضٌ - Marīḍ (مَرِيضَةٌ - Marīḍah).
* a cousin (paternal, male): اِبْنُ العَمِّ - Ibn al-ʿamm.
* a cousin (maternal, male): اِبْنُ الخالِ - Ibn al-khāl.
* a cousin (paternal, female): اِبْنَةُ العَمِّ - Ibnat al-ʿamm.
* a cousin (maternal, female): اِبْنَةُ الخالِ - Ibnat al-khāl.
(Note: I used "أَقارِب" in the dialogue as a common, general term for "cousins/relatives")
* a neighbor: جارٌ - Jār.
* neighbors: جيرانٌ - Jīrān.
WHAT
Dialogue 9
A: What is that?
ما هذا؟
Mā hādhā?
B: That is a table.
هَذِهِ طاوِلَةٌ
Hādhihī ṭāwilah.
A: What is that?
ما هذا؟
Mā hādhā?
B: That is a television.
هَذا تِلْفازٌ
Hādhā tilfāz.
A: What is that?
ما هذا؟
Mā hādhā?
B: I don't know what it is.
لا أَعْرِفُ ما هُوَ
Lā aʿrifu mā huwa.
A: What are those things?
ما هَذِهِ الأَشْياءُ؟
Mā hādhihi al-ashyā'u?
B: I don't know. I don't know what it is.
لا أَعْلَمُ. لا أَعْرِفُ ما هِيَ
Lā aʿlamu. Lā aʿrifu mā hiya.
TIME
A: What time is it?
كامِ السّاعَةُ؟
Kām as-sāʿah?
B: It is five o'clock. 5:00
السّاعَةُ الخامِسَةُ
As-sāʿatu al-khāmisah.
A: What time is it?
كامِ السّاعَةُ؟
Kām as-sāʿah?
B: It is six-thirty. 6:30
السّاعَةُ السّادِسَةُ والنِّصْفُ
As-sāʿatu as-sādisah wa-an-niṣf.
It is a quarter to four. 3:45
السّاعَةُ الرّابِعَةُ إِلاَّ رُبْعاً
As-sāʿatu ar-rābiʿah illā rubʿan.
A: What time is it now?
كامِ السّاعَةُ الآنَ؟
Kām as-sāʿatu al-āna?
B: I don't know, ask your mother!
لا أَعْرِفُ، اِسْأَلْ أُمَّكَ
Lā aʿrifu, is'al ummaka!
Glossary (Dialogues 9 & 10):
* that: هذا / هَذِهِ - Hādhā (masc.) / Hādhihī (fem.).
* a table: طاوِلَةٌ - Ṭāwilah.
* a thing: شَيْءٌ - Shay'.
* things: أَشْياءٌ - Ashyā'.
* an hour: ساعَةٌ - Sāʿah.
* a half: نِصْفٌ - Niṣf.
* a quarter: رُبْعٌ - Rubʿ.
* now: الآنَ - Al-āna.
WHEN
Dialogue 11
A: At what time do you go to school?
في أَيِّ ساعَةٍ تَذْهَبُ إِلَى المَدْرَسَةِ؟
Fī ayyi sāʿatin tadhhabu ilā al-madrasati?
B: I go at eight o'clock. 8:00
أَذْهَبُ في السّاعَةِ الثّامِنَةِ
Adhhabu fī as-sāʿati ath-thāminah.
A: At what time do you come back from school?
في أَيِّ ساعَةٍ تَعودُ مِنَ المَدْرَسَةِ؟
Fī ayyi sāʿatin taʿūdu mina al-madrasati?
B: I come back at twelve o'clock. 12:00 at noon.
أَعودُ في السّاعَةِ الثّانِيَةَ عَشْرَةَ. أَعودُ في الظُّهْرِ
Aʿūdu fī as-sāʿati ath-thāniyata ʿashrata. Aʿūdu fī aẓ-ẓuhri.
A: At what time do you go to bed?
في أَيِّ ساعَةٍ تَنامُ؟
Fī ayyi sāʿatin tanāmu?
B: I go to bed at nine o'clock. 9:00
أَنامُ في السّاعَةِ التّاسِعَةِ
Anāmu fī as-sāʿati at-tāsiʿah.
A: At what time do you come back from the mosque?
في أَيِّ ساعَةٍ تَعودُ مِنَ المَسْجِدِ؟
Fī ayyi sāʿatin taʿūdu mina al-masjidi?
B: I come back at six o'clock. 6:00
أَعودُ في السّاعَةِ السّادِسَةِ
Aʿūdu fī as-sāʿati as-sādisah.
A: At what time does your father come back from work?
في أَيِّ ساعَةٍ يَعودُ أَبُوكَ مِنَ العَمَلِ؟
Fī ayyi sāʿatin yaʿūdu abūka mina al-ʿamali?
B: He comes back at seven o'clock. 7:00
يَعودُ في السّاعَةِ السّابِعَةِ
Yaʿūdu fī as-sāʿati as-sābiʿah.
A: At what time does your mother go to work?
في أَيِّ ساعَةٍ تَذْهَبُ أُمُّكَ إِلَى العَمَلِ؟
Fī ayyi sāʿatin tadhhabu ummuka ilā al-ʿamali?
B: She goes at seven in the morning.
تَذْهَبُ في السّابِعَةِ صَباحاً
Tadhhabu fī as-sābiʿati ṣabāḥan.
A: When are you leaving?
مَتَى تُسافِرُ؟ / مَتَى تَنْطَلِقُ؟
Matā tusāfiru? / Matā tanṭaliqu?
B: I am leaving now.
أَنَا أَنْطَلِقُ الآنَ
Anā anṭaliqu al-āna.
A: When are you leaving?
مَتَى تُسافِرُ؟
Matā tusāfiru?
B: I am leaving this evening.
أُسافِرُ هَذَا المَساءَ
Usāfiru hādhā al-masā'a.
Glossary (Dialogue 12):
* when: مَتَى - Matā.
* which/what (m.s.): أَيُّ - Ayyu (nominative: أَيُّ, accusative/genitive: أَيَّ / أَيِّ).
* which/what (f.s.): أَيُّ - Ayyu (same form, femininity known by the noun described).
* which/what (m.p.): أَيُّ - Ayyu (same form for plural too, gender and number known by the noun described).
* which/what (f.p.): أَيُّ - Ayyu.
* noon: ظُهْرٌ - Ẓuhr.
* morning: صَباحٌ - Ṣabāḥ.
* evening: مَساء - Masā'.
* now: الآنَ - Al-āna.
* to go to bed/sleep: يَنامُ - Yanāmu.
* to come back: يَعودُ - Yaʿūdu.
* to leave/to depart: يُسافِرُ / يَنْطَلِقُ - Yusāfiru / Yanṭaliqu.
Understood. We continue. The Arabic and its sounds remain unchanged. Only the source language shifts from French to English.
WHY
Dialogue 13
A: Why are you laughing?
لِماذا تَضْحَكُ؟
Limādhā taḍḥaku?
B: I am laughing because there is a funny story on television.
أَضْحَكُ لِأَنَّ هُناكَ قِصَّةً مُضْحِكَةً عَلَى التِّلْفازِ
Aḍḥaku li-anna hunāka qiṣṣatan muḍḥikatan ʿalā at-tilfāzi.
A: Why is your sister crying?
لِماذا تُبْكِي أُخْتُكَ؟
Limādhā tubkī ukhtuka?
B: She is crying because she has a headache.
هِيَ تُبْكِي لِأَنَّها تُعانِي مِنْ صُداعٍ. / لِأَنَّ رَأْسَها يُؤْلِمُها
Hiya tubkī li-annahā tuʿānī min ṣudāʿin. / Li-anna ra'sahā yu'limuhā.
A: Why do you go to the mosque?
لِماذا تَذْهَبُ إِلَى المَسْجِدِ؟
Limādhā tadhhabu ilā al-masjidi?
B: I go to the mosque to perform my prayer.
أَذْهَبُ إِلَى المَسْجِدِ لِأُصَلِّيَ
Adhhabu ilā al-masjidi li-uṣalliya.
A: Why do you go to the market?
لِماذا تَذْهَبُ إِلَى السُّوقِ؟
Limādhā tadhhabu ilā as-sūqi?
B: I go to the market to do my shopping.
أَذْهَبُ إِلَى السُّوقِ لِأَقْضِيَ حاجاتِي
Adhhabu ilā as-sūqi li-aqḍiya ḥājātī.
A: Why aren't you married? (to a male)
لِماذا لَسْتَ مُتَزَوِّجاً؟
Limādhā lasta mutazawwijan?
A: Why aren't you married? (to a female)
لِماذا لَسْتِ مُتَزَوِّجَةً؟
Limādhā lasti mutazawwijatan?
B: I cannot answer that question.
لا أَسْتَطِيعُ الإِجابَةَ عَلَى هَذَا السُّؤالِ
Lā astaṭīʿu al-ijābata ʿalā hādhā as-su'āli.
A: Why don't you want to marry Khadija?
لِماذا لا تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجَ خَدِيجَةَ؟
Limādhā lā turīdu an tatazawwaja Khadījata?
B: I don't want to marry her because she is not beautiful.
لا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَتَزَوَّجَها لِأَنَّها لَيْسَتْ جَمِيلَةً
Lā urīdu an atazawwajahā li-annahā laysat jamīlatan.
A: Why don't you want to marry Ahmed?
لِماذا لا تُرِيدِينَ أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجِي أَحْمَدَ؟
Limādhā lā turīdīna an tatazawwajī Aḥmada?
B: I don't want to marry him because he is not kind.
لا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَتَزَوَّجَهُ لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَطِيفاً
Lā urīdu an atazawwajahu li-annahu laysa laṭīfan.
A: Why don't you go to the cinema? / Why don't you want to go to the cinema?
لِماذا لا تَذْهَبُ إِلَى السِّينِما؟ / لِماذا لا تُرِيدُ الذَّهابَ إِلَى السِّينِما؟
Limādhā lā tadhhabu ilā as-sīnimā? / Limādhā lā turīdu adh-dhahāba ilā as-sīnimā?
B: I don't go to the cinema because I can watch video films at home.
لا أَذْهَبُ إِلَى السِّينِما لِأَنَّني أَسْتَطِيعُ مُشاهَدَةَ الأَفْلامِ فِي البَيْتِ
Lā adhhabu ilā as-sīnimā li-annanī astaṭīʿu mushāhadata al-aflāmi fī al-bayti.
Glossary (Dialogue 14):
* why: لِماذا - Limādhā.
* a story: قِصَّةٌ - Qiṣṣah.
* funny: مُضْحِكٌ - Muḍḥik.
* kind: لَطِيفٌ - Laṭīf.
* the head: رَأْسٌ - Ra's.
* to have a pain (to hurt): يُؤْلِمُ / يُعانِي مِنْ - Yu'limu / Yuʿānī min.
* a prayer: صَلاةٌ - Ṣalāh.
* the market: سُوقٌ - Sūq.
* to do one's shopping: يَقْضِي حاجاتَهُ - Yaqḍī ḥājātahu.
* married (m): مُتَزَوِّجٌ - Mutazawwij.
* married (f): مُتَزَوِّجَةٌ - Mutazawwijah.
* a question: سُؤالٌ - Su'āl.
* this (m.s.): هَذا - Hādhā.
* this (m.s. before vowel): هَذا - Hādhā.
* this (f.s.): هَذِهِ - Hādhihi.
* these (pl.): هَؤُلاءِ - Hā'ulā'i.
* because: لِأَنَّ - Li-anna.
* beautiful (f): جَمِيلَةٌ - Jamīlah.
* beautiful (m): جَمِيلٌ - Jamīl.
* beautiful (m, before vowel): جَمِيلٌ - Jamīl.
* to laugh: يَضْحَكُ - Yaḍḥaku.
* to cry: يَبْكِي - Yabkī.
* to do: يَفْعَلُ / يَقومُ بِـ - Yafʿalu / Yaqūmu bi-.
* to answer: يُجِيبُ - Yujību.
* to be able to: يَسْتَطِيعُ - Yastaṭīʿu.
* to want: يُرِيدُ - Yurīdu.
* to get married: يَتَزَوَّجُ - Yatazawwaju.
TO DO / TO MAKE
Dialogue 16
A: What are you doing? / What are you in the process of doing?
ما الَّذِي تَفْعَلُهُ؟ / ما الَّذِي أَنْتَ مُنْشَغِلٌ بِفِعْلِهِ الآنَ؟
Mā alladhī tafʿaluhu? / Mā alladhī anta munshaghilun bi-fiʿlihi al-āna?
B: I am writing a letter to my fiancée.
أَنَا أَكْتُبُ رِسالَةً إِلى خَطِيبَتِي
Anā aktubu risālatan ilā khaṭībatī.
A: What is your mother doing?
ما الَّذِي تَفْعَلُهُ أُمُّكَ؟
Mā alladhī tafʿaluhu ummuka?
B: She is cooking (preparing the food).
هِيَ تُعِدُّ الطَّعامَ
Hiya tuʿiddu aṭ-ṭaʿām.
A: What is your sister doing?
ما الَّذِي تَفْعَلُهُ أُخْتُكَ؟
Mā alladhī tafʿaluhu ukhtuka?
B: She is reading a book.
هِيَ تَقْرَأُ كِتاباً
Hiya taqra'u kitāban.
A: What do you do for a living?
ما مِهْنَتُكَ؟ / بِمَ تَعْمَلُ؟
Mā mihnatuka? / Bimā taʿmalu?
B: I am unemployed.
أَنَا عاطِلٌ عَنِ العَمَلِ
Anā ʿāṭilun ʿani al-ʿamal.
A: Why are you unemployed?
لِماذا أَنْتَ عاطِلٌ عَنِ العَمَلِ؟
Limādhā anta ʿāṭilun ʿani al-ʿamal?
B: I am unemployed because I cannot find work in my city.
أَنَا عاطِلٌ لِأَنَّني لا أَسْتَطِيعُ إِيجادَ عَمَلٍ في مَدِينَتِي
Anā ʿāṭilun li-annanī lā astaṭīʿu ījāda ʿamalin fī madīnatī.
A: What does your father do?
ما عَمَلُ أَبِيكَ؟
Mā ʿamalu abīka?
B: My father is a doctor.
أَبِي طَبِيبٌ
Abī ṭabīb.
A: What does your mother do?
ما عَمَلُ أُمِّكَ؟
Mā ʿamalu ummika?
B: My mother is a housewife.
أُمِّي رَبَّةُ بَيْتٍ
Ummī rabbatu bayt.
A: What does your sister do?
ما عَمَلُ أُخْتِكَ؟
Mā ʿamalu ukhtika?
B: She is a hairdresser.
هِيَ مُصَفِّفَةُ شَعْرٍ
Hiya khayyāṭah / Muṣaffifatu shaʿr.
A: What does your brother do?
ما عَمَلُ أَخِيكَ؟
Mā ʿamalu akhīka?
B: He works in a factory in Casablanca.
هُوَ يَعْمَلُ في مَصْنَعٍ في الدَّارِ البَيْضاءِ
Huwa yaʿmalu fī maṣnaʿin fī ad-Dār al-Bayḍā'.
Glossary (Dialogue 17):
* a letter: رِسالَة - Risālah.
* a book: كِتابٌ - Kitāb.
* life: حَياة - Ḥayāh.
* a city: مَدِينَةٌ - Madīnah.
* a housewife: رَبَّةُ بَيْتٍ - Rabbatu bayt.
* a hairdresser: مُصَفِّفَةُ شَعْرٍ - Muṣaffifatu shaʿr.
* to do/to make: يَفْعَلُ - Yafʿalu.
* to cook: يُعِدُّ الطَّعامَ - Yuʿiddu aṭ-ṭaʿām.
* to write: يَكْتُبُ - Yaktubu.
* to read: يَقْرَأُ - Yaqra'u.
* to manage to/ to succeed in: يَسْتَطِيعُ / يَتَمَكَّنُ مِنْ - Yastaṭīʿu / Yatamakkanu min.
* to find: يَجِدُ - Yajidu.
* to work: يَعْمَلُ - Yaʿmalu.
TO HAVE
Dialogue 19
A: Do you have a pen?
هَلْ عِنْدَكَ قَلَمٌ؟
Hal ʿindaka qalamun?
B: Yes, I have one.
نَعَمْ، عِنْدِي وَاحِدٌ
Naʿam, ʿindī wāḥidun.
A: Do you have a red pen?
هَلْ عِنْدَكَ قَلَمٌ أَحْمَرُ؟
Hal ʿindaka qalamun aḥmaru?
B: No, I do not have a red pen.
لا، لَيْسَ عِنْدِي قَلَمٌ أَحْمَرُ
Lā, laysa ʿindī qalamun aḥmaru.
A: Don't you have a car?
أَلَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ سَيَّارَةٌ؟
Alaysa ʿindaka sayyārah?
B: No, I don't have one.
لا، لَيْسَتْ عِنْدِي
Lā, laysat ʿindī.
A: Don't you have your own house?
أَلَيْسَ لَكَ بَيْتُكَ الخَاصُّ؟
Alaysa laka baytuka al-khāṣṣu?
B: No, I don't have one.
لا، لَيْسَ لي بَيْتِي الخَاصُّ
Lā, laysa lī baytī al-khāṣṣu.
A: Don't you have a husband?
أَلَيْسَ لَكِ زَوْجٌ؟
Alaysa laki zawjun?
B: No, I don't have one.
لا، لَيْسَ لي
Lā, laysa lī.
A: Do you have money?
هَلْ عِنْدَكَ نُقودٌ؟
Hal ʿindaka nuqūdun?
B: Yes, I have some.
نَعَمْ، عِنْدِي
Naʿam, ʿindī.
A: Do you have books?
هَلْ عِنْدَكَ كُتُبٌ؟
Hal ʿindaka kutubun?
B: Yes, I have a lot of books. Yes, I have a lot!
نَعَمْ، عِنْدِي كَثِيرٌ مِنَ الكُتُبِ. نَعَمْ، عِنْدِي كَثِيرٌ
Naʿam, ʿindī kathīrun mina al-kutubi. Naʿam, ʿindī kathīrun!
A: Does your father have a car?
هَلْ عِنْدَ أَبِيكَ سَيَّارَةٌ؟
Hal ʿinda abīka sayyārah?
B: Yes, my father has a car.
نَعَمْ، عِنْدَ أَبِي سَيَّارَةٌ
Naʿam, ʿinda abī sayyārah.
A: Does he work?
هَلْ هُوَ يَعْمَلُ؟
Hal huwa yaʿmalu?
B: Yes, he has a good situation (job).
نَعَمْ، لَدَيْهِ وَضْعٌ جَيِّدٌ
Naʿam, ladayhi waḍʿun jayyidun.
Glossary (20):
* a pen: قَلَمٌ - Qalam.
* red: أَحْمَرُ - Aḥmar.
* a car: سَيَّارَةٌ - Sayyārah.
* a house: بَيْتٌ / دارٌ - Bayt / Dār.
* my own house: بَيْتِي الخَاصُّ - Baytī al-khāṣṣ.
* your own house: بَيْتُكَ الخَاصُّ - Baytuka al-khāṣṣ.
* his own house: بَيْتُهُ الخَاصُّ - Baytuhu al-khāṣṣ.
* a husband: زَوْجٌ - Zawj.
* money: نُقودٌ / مالٌ - Nuqūd / Māl.
* a lot/many: كَثِيرٌ - Kathīr.
* a good situation: وَضْعٌ جَيِّدٌ - Waḍʿun jayyid.
THERE IS / THERE ARE
Dialogue 21
A: Is there a pen in your bag?
هَلْ يُوجَدُ قَلَمٌ في حَقِيبَتِكَ؟
Hal yūjadu qalamun fī ḥaqībatika?
B: Yes, there are two in my bag.
نَعَمْ، يُوجَدُ قَلَمانِ في حَقِيبَتِي
Naʿam, yūjadu qalamāni fī ḥaqībatī.
A: Are there apples in the basket?
هَلْ تُوجَدُ تُفَّاحاتٌ في السَّلَّةِ؟
Hal tūjadu tuffāḥātun fī as-sallati?
B: No, there aren't any.
لا، لا تُوجَدُ
Lā, lā tūjadu.
A: What is there on the table?
ما الَّذِي يُوجَدُ عَلَى الطّاوِلَةِ؟
Mā alladhī yūjadu ʿalā aṭ-ṭāwilah?
B: There is a radio on the table.
يُوجَدُ رادِيُو عَلَى الطّاوِلَةِ
Yūjadu rādyū ʿalā aṭ-ṭāwilah.
A: What is there on the desk?
ما الَّذِي عَلَى المَكْتَبِ؟
Mā alladhī ʿalā al-maktabi?
B: There is a diskette and a book on the desk.
تُوجَدُ قُرْصٌ وَكِتابٌ عَلَى المَكْتَبِ
Tūjadu qurṣun wa-kitābun ʿalā al-maktabi.
A: What is there in your pocket?
ما الَّذِي في جَيْبِكَ؟
Mā alladhī fī jaybika?
B: There is money in my pocket.
يُوجَدُ مالٌ في جَيْبِي
Yūjadu mālun fī jaybī.
A: What is there in the garden?
ما الَّذِي في الحَدِيقَةِ؟
Mā alladhī fī al-ḥadīqah?
B: There is a dog in the garden.
يُوجَدُ كَلْبٌ في الحَدِيقَةِ
Yūjadu kalbun fī al-ḥadīqah.
A: What is there under the table?
ما الَّذِي تَحْتَ الطّاوِلَةِ؟
Mā alladhī taḥta aṭ-ṭāwilah?
B: There is a cat under the table.
يُوجَدُ قِطٌّ تَحْتَ الطّاوِلَةِ
Yūjadu qiṭṭun taḥta aṭ-ṭāwilah.
A: What's on TV this evening?
ما الَّذِي عَلَى التِّلْفازِ هَذا المَساءِ؟
Mā alladhī ʿalā at-tilfāzi hādhā al-masā'i?
B: There is an interesting film this evening.
يُعْرَضُ فِيلْمٌ مُشَوِّقٌ هَذا المَساءِ
Yuʿraḍu fīlmun mushawwiqun hādhā al-masā'i.
Glossary (22):
* an apple: تُفَّاحَةٌ - Tuffāḥah.
* a basket: سَلَّةٌ - Sallah.
* a radio: رادِيُو - Rādyū.
* in: في - Fī.
* on: عَلَى - ʿAlā.
* under: تَحْتَ - Taḥta.
* and: وَ - Wa
* there is/are: يُوجَدُ - Yūjadu.
* a book: كِتابٌ - Kitāb.
* a desk: مَكْتَبٌ - Maktab.
* a pocket: جَيْبٌ - Jayb.
* a garden: حَدِيقَةٌ - Ḥadīqah.
* a dog: كَلْبٌ - Kalb.
* a cat: قِطٌّ - Qiṭṭ.
TO GO
Dialogue 23
A: Where do you go during the weekend?
إلى أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُونَ خِلالَ عُطْلَةِ نِهايَةِ الأُسْبوعِ؟
Ilā ayna tadhhabūna khilāla ʿuṭlati nihāyati al-usbūʿi?
B: During the weekend I go to the cinema.
خِلالَ عُطْلَةِ نِهايَةِ الأُسْبوعِ أَذْهَبُ إِلَى السِّينِما
Khilāla ʿuṭlati nihāyati al-usbūʿi adhhabu ilā as-sīnimā.
A: Where does your father go in the evening?
إلى أَيْنَ يَذْهَبُ أَبُوكَ المَساءَ؟
Ilā ayna yadhhabu abūka al-masā'a?
B: In the evening my father goes to the café.
يَذْهَبُ أَبِي المَساءَ إِلَى المَقْهى
Yadhhabu abī al-masā'a ilā al-maqha.
A: Where do you go on Friday?
إلى أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ يَوْمَ الجُمْعَةِ؟
Ilā ayna tadhhabu yawma al-jumʿah?
B: On Friday I go to the mosque.
يَوْمَ الجُمْعَةِ أَذْهَبُ إِلَى المَسْجِدِ
Yawma al-jumʿah adhhabu ilā al-masjidi.
A: Where does your sister go in the morning?
إلى أَيْنَ تَذْهَبُ أُخْتُكَ صَباحاً؟
Ilā ayna tadhhabu ukhtuka ṣabāḥan?
B: In the morning my sister goes to work.
تَذْهَبُ أُخْتي صَباحاً إِلَى العَمَلِ
Tadhhabu ukhtī ṣabāḥan ilā al-ʿamal.
A: Do you go to school?
هَلْ تَذْهَبُ إِلَى المَدْرَسَةِ؟
Hal tadhhabu ilā al-madrasati?
B: No, I don't go. I am not a student.
لا، لا أَذْهَبُ. لَسْتُ طالِباً
Lā, lā adhhabu. Lastu ṭāliban.
A: Do you go to the mosque?
هَلْ تَذْهَبُ إِلَى المَسْجِدِ؟
Hal tadhhabu ilā al-masjidi?
B: Yes, I go.
نَعَمْ، أَذْهَبُ
Naʿam, adhhabu.
A: Do you go to the beach?
هَلْ تَذْهَبُ إِلَى الشّاطِئِ؟
Hal tadhhabu ilā ash-shāṭi'i?
B: No, I don't go.
لا، لا أَذْهَبُ
Lā, lā adhhabu.
Glossary (23):
* during: خِلَالَ - Khilāl.
* the weekend: عُطْلَةُ نِهايَةِ الأُسْبوعِ - ʿUṭlatu nihāyati al-usbūʿ.
* a café: مَقْهى - Maqhā.
* Friday: يَوْمُ الجُمْعَةِ - Yawmu al-jumʿah.
* a student: طالِبٌ - Ṭālib.
* to go: يَذْهَبُ - Yadhhabu.
TO GIVE
Dialogue 24
* Give me a pen and a sheet (of paper). I want to write a letter to my fiancé.
أَعْطِني قَلَماً وَوَرَقَةً. أُرِيدُ أَكْتُبَ رِسالَةً إِلى خَطِيبِي
Aʿṭinī qalaman wa-waraqah. Urīdu aktuba risālatan ilā khaṭībī.
* Give me a knife. I want to cut the bread.
أَعْطِني سِكِّيناً. أُرِيدُ أَقْطَعَ الخُبْزَ
Aʿṭinī sikkīnan. Urīdu aqṭaʿa al-khubza.
* Give me a glass of water. I am thirsty.
أَعْطِني كُوبَ ماءٍ. أَنَا عَطْشانُ
Aʿṭinī kūba mā'in. Anā ʿaṭshān.
* Give me my glasses. I can't see well.
أَعْطِني نَظّارَتِي. لا أَرى جَيِّداً
Aʿṭinī naẓẓāratī. Lā arā jayyidan.
* Give me ten dirhams, please. I want to go to the cinema.
أَعْطِني عَشْرَةَ دَراهِمَ، مِنْ فَضْلِكَ. أُرِيدُ أَذْهَبَ إِلَى السِّينِما
Aʿṭinī ʿashrata darāhima, min faḍlika. Urīdu adhhaba ilā as-sīnimā.
* My mother gives me ten dirhams every day.
أُمِّي تُعْطِينِي عَشْرَةَ دَراهِمَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ
Ummī tuʿṭīnī ʿashrata darāhima kulla yawm.
* My father gives me money every week.
أَبِي يُعْطِينِي مالاً كُلَّ أُسْبوعٍ
Abī yuʿṭīnī mālan kulla usbūʿ.
* My sister gives me a book every month.
أُخْتي تُعْطِينِي كِتاباً كُلَّ شَهْرٍ
Ukhtī tuʿṭīnī kitāban kulla shahr.
* My fiancé gives me a phone call every evening.
خَطِيبِي يُهاتِفُنِي كُلَّ مَساءٍ
Khaṭībī yuhātifunī kulla masā'in.
* My brother gives me a gift every year.
أَخِي يُهْدِينِي هَدِيَّةً كُلَّ سَنَةٍ
Akhī yuhdīnī hadiyyatan kulla sanah.
Glossary (25):
* a sheet (of paper): وَرَقَةٌ - Waraqah.
* a letter: رِسالَةٌ - Risālah.
* a knife: سِكِّينٌ - Sikkīn.
* bread: خُبْزٌ - Khubz.
* a glass: كُوبٌ - Kūb.
* water: ماءٌ - Mā'.
* a glass of water: كُوبُ ماءٍ - Kūbu mā'in.
* to be thirsty: يَكُونُ عَطْشانَ - Yakūnu ʿaṭshān.
* glasses: نَظّارَةٌ - Naẓẓārah.
* well: جَيِّداً - Jayyidan.
* money: مالٌ - Māl.
* all/every: كُلُّ - Kullu.
* all (m.pl.): كُلُّ - Kullu.
* all (f.s.): كُلُّ - Kullu.
* all (f.pl.): كُلُّ - Kullu.
* a phone call: مُكالمَةٌ هاتِفِيَّةٌ / اِتِّصالٌ - Mukālamah hātifiyyah / Ittiṣāl.
* a gift: هَدِيَّةٌ - Hadiyyah.
* every day: كُلَّ يَوْمٍ - Kulla yawm.
* every week: كُلَّ أُسْبوعٍ - Kulla usbūʿ.
* every month: كُلَّ شَهْرٍ - Kulla shahr.
* every evening: كُلَّ مَساءٍ - Kulla masā'in.
* to give: يُعْطِي - Yuʿṭī.
* to cut: يَقْطَعُ - Yaqṭaʿu.
* to see: يَرى - Yarā.
* to please: يُعْجِبُ - Yuʿjibu.
* to offer (a gift): يُهْدِي - Yuhdī.
TO TAKE
Dialogue 26
* It is raining. Take this umbrella.
السَّماءُ تُمْطِرُ. خُذْ هَذِهِ المِظَلَّةَ
As-samā' tumṭiru. Khudh hādhihi al-miẓallata.
* If you go out, take your umbrella.
إِذا خَرَجْتَ، خُذْ مِظَلَّتَكَ
Idhā kharajta, khudh miẓallataka.
* You are sick. Take these pills.
أَنْتَ مَرِيضٌ. خُذْ هَذِهِ الحُبوبَ
Anta marīḍ. Khudh hādhihi al-ḥubūb.
* Take me with you to the cinema.
خُذْنِي مَعَكَ إِلَى السِّينِما
Khudhnī maʿaka ilā as-sīnimā.
* Take me with you to the cinema. (alternative)
اِصْطَحِبْنِي مَعَكَ إِلَى السِّينِما
Iṣṭaḥibnī maʿaka ilā as-sīnimā.
* Take the soap and go wash your face at the sink.
خُذِ الصّابونَ وَاذْهَبْ إِلَى المَغْسَلَةِ لِتَغْسِلَ وَجْهَكَ
Khudhi aṣ-ṣābūna wa-dhhab ilā al-maghsalati litaghsila wajhaka.
* Take the knife and cut the bread.
خُذِ السِّكِّينَ وَاقْطَعِ الخُبْزَ
Khudhi as-sikkīna wa-qṭaʿi al-khubza.
* Take your radio and get out of here!
خُذْ رادِيُوَكَ وَاخْرُجْ مِنْ هُنا
Khudh rādyūaka wa-ukhruj min hunā!
* Give me your book and take mine.
أَعْطِني كِتابَكَ وَخُذْ كِتابِي
Aʿṭinī kitābaka wa-khudh kitābī.
* Give me your husband and take mine.
أَعْطِني زَوْجَكَ وَخُذْ زَوْجِي
Aʿṭinī zawjaka wa-khudh zawjī.
* Give me your wife and take mine.
أَعْطِني زَوْجَتَكَ وَخُذْ زَوْجَتِي
Aʿṭinī zawjataka wa-khudh zawjatī.
* Why don't you want to take me with you?
لِماذا لا تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَصْطَحِبَنِي مَعَكَ؟
Limādhā lā turīdu an taṣṭaḥibanī maʿaka?
* Take this glass of water to your father!
خُذْ كُوبَ الماءِ هذا إِلى أَبِيكَ
Khudh kūba al-mā'i hādhā ilā abīka!
Glossary (27-28):
* an umbrella: مِظَلَّةٌ - Miẓallah.
* pills: حُبوبٌ - Ḥubūb.
* soap: صابونٌ - Ṣābūn.
* a face: وَجْهٌ - Wajh.
* a radio: رادِيُو - Rādyū.
* here: هُنا - Hunā.
* from here: مِنْ هُنا - Min hunā.
* Masculine: mine: خاصَّتِي / لي - Khāṣṣatī / Lī.
* yours (m.s.): خاصَّتُكَ / لَكَ - Khāṣṣatuka / Laka.
* his: خاصَّتُهُ / لَهُ - Khāṣṣatuhu / Lahu.
* ours: خاصَّتُنا / لَنا - Khāṣṣatunā / Lanā.
* yours (m.pl.): خاصَّتُكُمْ / لَكُمْ - Khāṣṣatukum / Lakum.
* theirs (m.): خاصَّتُهُمْ / لَهُمْ - Khāṣṣatuhum / Lahum.
* Feminine: mine: خاصَّتِي / لي - Khāṣṣatī / Lī.
* yours (f.s.): خاصَّتُكِ / لَكِ - Khāṣṣatuki / Laki.
* hers: خاصَّتُها / لَها - Khāṣṣatuhā / Lahā.
* ours: خاصَّتُنا / لَنا - Khāṣṣatunā / Lanā.
* yours (f.pl.): خاصَّتُكُنَّ / لَكُنَّ - Khāṣṣatukunna / Lakunna.
* theirs (f.): خاصَّتُهُنَّ / لَهُنَّ - Khāṣṣatuhunna / Lahunna.
* if: إِذا - Idhā.
* to rain: يمطِرُ - Yamṭiru / Tumṭiru (the sky).
* to take: يَأْخُذُ - Ya'khudhu.
* to go out: يَخْرُجُ - Yakhruju.
* to take (someone) along: يَصْطَحِبُ - Yaṣṭaḥibu.
* to wash: يَغْسِلُ - Yaghsilu.
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